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Melanau is an Austronesian language spoken in the coastal area of the Rajang delta on northwest Borneo, Sarawak, Malaysia and Brunei. There are several dialects—Mukah-Oya, Balingian, Bruit, Dalat, Lawas, Igan, Sarikei, Segahan, Prehan, Segalang, and Siteng.[2]

Melanau
Central Melanau
Native to	Malaysia, Brunei
Region	Sarawak and neighbouring Brunei
Ethnicity	Melanau people
Native speakers	110,000 (2000)[1]
Language family	Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian North Bornean Melanau–Kajang Melanau languages Melanau
Language codes
ISO 639-3	Variously: mel – Central Melanau dro – Daro-Matu Melanau sdx – Sibu Melanau
Glottolog	cent2101  Central daro1239  Daro-Matu sibu1258  Sibu
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Phonology

Consonants

Melanau has the following consonants.[3]

		Bilabial	Coronal	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal
Nasals		m	n	ɲ	ŋ
Plosives and affricates	voiceless	p	t	tʃ	k		ʔ
	voiced	b	d	dʒ	ɡ
Fricatives			s				h, ɦ
Lateral			l
Trills			r			ʀ
Semivowels		w		j

Vowels

Melanau has the following vowels.[3]

	front	central	back rounded
High	i		u
Mid	ɛ	ə	ɔ
Low		a

Sounds /i a u ɔ/ can have allophones of [ɪ æ~ʌ ʊ ɒ].[4]

Orthography

Vowels and diphthongs

• a - [a]
• aa - [aː]
• e - [ɛ/ə]
• i - [i]
• o - [ɔ]
• u - [u]
• ai - [ai]
• au - [au]
• ei - [ei]
• ou - [ou]
• ui - [ui]

Consonants

• b - [b]
• c - [t͡ʃ]
• d - [d]
• g - [g]
• h - [h, ɦ]
• j - [d͡ʒ]
• k - [k]
• l - [l]
• m - [m]
• n - [n]
• ng - [ŋ]
• ny - [ɲ]
• p - [p]
• r - [r/ʀ]
• s - [s]
• t - [t]
• w - [w]
• y - [j][5]

Notes

References

• I.F.C.S. Clayre. 1970. "The Spelling of Melanau (nee Milano)," The Sarawak Museum Journal 18:330-352.
• Clayre, Iain F. C. S. 1972. A grammatical description of Melanau. University of Edinburgh.
• Rensch, Calvin R. 2012. Melanau and the Languages of Central Sarawak. SIL Electronic Survey Report. SIL International.

External links

• Kaipuleohone holds two open access collections that include Balingian language materials (RB1-002 and RB2-003-E) as well as notebook pages of stories

На других языках

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- [en] Melanau language

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[ru] Меланау (язык)

Меланау (индон. Bahasa Melanau) — один из австронезийских языков, распространён на северо-западе Калимантана. На меланау говорят представители одноимённого народа, проживающего по большей части в штате Саравак (Малайзия), в долине реки Раджанг, а также в Брунее.

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