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The Muna–Buton languages are a group of languages spoken on the islands of Muna and Buton off the coast of South East Sulawesi province, Indonesia. They belong to the Celebic subgroup of the Austronesian family.[1]

Muna–Buton
Geographic
distribution		Sulawesi
Linguistic classificationAustronesian
Proto-languageProto-Muna-Buton
Subdivisions
  • Nuclear Muna–Buton
  • Tukang Besi–Bonerate
Glottologmuna1246

Internal classification


The Ethnologue classifies the Muna–Buton languages as follows, based on van den Berg (2003) and Donohue (2004):[2][3]

In earlier classifications, Wolio, spoken in the city of Baubau (seat of the court of the former Sultanate of Buton) and its immediate surroundings, and Laiyolo, spoken in the southern part of Selayar Island, were also included in the Muna–Buton group,[4][5] but Donohue (2004) has shown that they form a distinct subgroup of their own, Wotu–Wolio, which also includes Wotu, spoken at the northern shore of the Bone Gulf.[3]


Reconstruction


Proto-Muna–Buton
Reconstruction ofMuna–Buton languages
Reconstructed
ancestors
Proto-Austronesian
  • Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
    • Proto-Celebic

Proto-Muna–Buton has been reconstructed by van den Berg (2003).[2]


Phonology


Vowels
Front Central Back
Close *i *u
Mid *e *o
Open *a
Consonants
Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Uvular Glottal
Plosive voiceless plain *p *t *k *q
prenasalized *mp *nt *ŋk
voiced plain/implosive *ɓ *ɗ *g
prenasalized *mb *nd *ŋg
Fricative voiceless plain *s *h
prenasalized *ns
voiced *R
Nasal *m *n *ŋ
Trill *r
Lateral *l
Approximant *w *y

Vocabulary


Van den Berg proposes around 30 lexical innovations for Proto-Muna–Buton, e.g., *ɓeka 'cat', *kaɓi 'throw away', *kenta 'fish', *kompa 'eel', *potu 'head', *weŋke 'split open (fruit)', *woru 'under'.[2]


References


  1. Mead, David. (2003). "Evidence for a Celebic supergroup." In Lynch, John (ed.). Issues in Austronesian historical phonology, pp. 115-141. Canberra: Australian National University. (Pacific Linguistics 550)
  2. van den Berg, René (2003). "The place of Tukang Besi and the Muna-Buton languages". In Lynch, John (ed.). Issues in Austronesian historical phonology. Pacific Linguistics 550. Canberra: Australian National University. pp. 87–114. doi:10.15144/PL-550.87.
  3. Mark Donohue. (2004). "The pretenders to the Muna-Buton group". In John Bowden and Nikolaus Himmelmann (eds.), Papers in Austronesian subgrouping and dialectology, 21-35. Canberra: Australian National University.
  4. Esser, S.J. (1938). "Talen". Atlas van Tropisch Nederland. Blad 9a. Batavia: Topografische Dienst.
  5. Noorduyn, J. (1991). "The Languages of Sulawesi". In H. Steinhauer (ed.). Papers in Austronesian linguistics. Pacific Linguistics A-81. Canberra: Australian National University.



На других языках

[de] Muna-Buton-Sprachen

Die Muna-Buton-Sprachen bilden einen Zweig der malayo-polynesischen Sprachen innerhalb der austronesischen Sprachen. Die Gruppe von eng miteinander verwandten Sprachen wird auf den Inseln Buton und Muna in Südostsulawesi gesprochen.
- [en] Muna–Buton languages


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